Le Fort fractures: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "<ul> <li>Complex fractures through inherently weak “cleavage planes” resulting in an unstable segment (“floating face”).</li> </ul> <table class="table table-hover"> <thead> <tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Le Fort I</td> <td>Transverse, also known as transmaxillary fracture. Fracture line crosses pterygoid plate and maxilla just above th...") |
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<li>Complex fractures through inherently weak “cleavage planes” resulting in an unstable segment (“floating face”).</li> | <li>Complex fractures through inherently weak “cleavage planes” resulting in an unstable segment (“floating face”).</li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
<table class="table table-hover"> | |||
<table class="wikitable table table-hover"> | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th>Type</th> | <th width="20%">Type</th> | ||
<th>Description</th> | <th>Description</th> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Le Fort I</td> | <td>Le Fort I</td> | ||
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including brain injuries.</td> | including brain injuries.</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
[[File:Le Fort fractures.jpg|center|frameless|501x501px]] | |||
== <strong>Le Fort I Fracture</strong> ("Floating Palate") == | |||
<ul> | |||
<li>This is a horizontal fracture that typically passes through the nasal septum, the lateral maxillary sinus wall, and the pterygoid plates.</li> | <li>This is a horizontal fracture that typically passes through the nasal septum, the lateral maxillary sinus wall, and the pterygoid plates.</li> | ||
<li>Since it's the lowest of the Le Fort fractures, remember it as the "floor" fracture, or associate it with the number 1, which looks like a line or floor.</li> | <li>Since it's the lowest of the Le Fort fractures, remember it as the "floor" fracture, or associate it with the number 1, which looks like a line or floor.</li> | ||
<li>One way to remember it is the phrase "Le Fort I hits the floor, it's not up any more."</li> | <li>One way to remember it is the phrase "Le Fort I hits the floor, it's not up any more."</li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
== <strong>Le Fort II Fracture</strong> ("Pyramidal" or "Floating Maxilla") == | |||
<ul> | |||
<li>This is a pyramidal fracture that passes through the nasal bridge, infraorbital rim, across the frontal processes of the maxilla, through the anterior wall of the maxillary sinuses, and across the pterygoid plates.</li> | <li>This is a pyramidal fracture that passes through the nasal bridge, infraorbital rim, across the frontal processes of the maxilla, through the anterior wall of the maxillary sinuses, and across the pterygoid plates.</li> | ||
<li>The key is to remember that it goes through the nose, which is in the middle of the face. Two eyes on the face can help you remember it's Le Fort II.</li> | <li>The key is to remember that it goes through the nose, which is in the middle of the face. Two eyes on the face can help you remember it's Le Fort II.</li> | ||
<li>A simple mnemonic is "Le Fort II, nose askew."</li> | <li>A simple mnemonic is "Le Fort II, nose askew."</li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
== <strong>Le Fort III Fracture</strong> ("Craniofacial Disjunction" or "Floating Face") == | |||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li>This is a transverse fracture that passes through the nasal bridge, the orbital floor and rim, the zygomatic arch, and the frontozygomatic suture line, across the base of the pterygoid plates, and across the occipitomastoid suture.</li> | <li>This is a transverse fracture that passes through the nasal bridge, the orbital floor and rim, the zygomatic arch, and the frontozygomatic suture line, across the base of the pterygoid plates, and across the occipitomastoid suture.</li> | ||
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<li>You can use the mnemonic "Le Fort III, eyes can't see."</li> | <li>You can use the mnemonic "Le Fort III, eyes can't see."</li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
[[Category:Neurotrauma]] | [[Category:Neurotrauma]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:35, 17 January 2024
- Complex fractures through inherently weak “cleavage planes” resulting in an unstable segment (“floating face”).
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Le Fort I | Transverse, also known as transmaxillary fracture. Fracture line crosses pterygoid plate and maxilla just above the apices of the upper teeth. May enter maxillary sinus(es). |
| Le Fort II | Pyramidal. Fracture extends upward across inferior orbital rim and orbital floor to medial orbital wall, then across nasofrontal suture. Often caused by a downward blow to the nasal area. |
| Le Fort III | Craniofacial dislocation. Involves zygomatic arches, zygomaticofrontal suture, nasofrontal suture, pterygoid plates, and orbital floors (separating maxilla from cranium). Requires significant force, and is often associated with other injuries, including brain injuries. |
Le Fort I Fracture ("Floating Palate")
- This is a horizontal fracture that typically passes through the nasal septum, the lateral maxillary sinus wall, and the pterygoid plates.
- Since it's the lowest of the Le Fort fractures, remember it as the "floor" fracture, or associate it with the number 1, which looks like a line or floor.
- One way to remember it is the phrase "Le Fort I hits the floor, it's not up any more."
Le Fort II Fracture ("Pyramidal" or "Floating Maxilla")
- This is a pyramidal fracture that passes through the nasal bridge, infraorbital rim, across the frontal processes of the maxilla, through the anterior wall of the maxillary sinuses, and across the pterygoid plates.
- The key is to remember that it goes through the nose, which is in the middle of the face. Two eyes on the face can help you remember it's Le Fort II.
- A simple mnemonic is "Le Fort II, nose askew."
Le Fort III Fracture ("Craniofacial Disjunction" or "Floating Face")
- This is a transverse fracture that passes through the nasal bridge, the orbital floor and rim, the zygomatic arch, and the frontozygomatic suture line, across the base of the pterygoid plates, and across the occipitomastoid suture.
- This is the highest fracture, involving the eye sockets and moving towards the cranial base. The number 3 can remind you of two eyes and a mouth, or simply remember it as the "top" fracture.
- You can use the mnemonic "Le Fort III, eyes can't see."