Olfactory Nerve: Difference between revisions
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== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
* The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique among cranial nerves. | |||
* The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique among [[cranial nerves]]. | |||
* It's composed of sensory nerves for smell. | * It's composed of sensory nerves for smell. | ||
== Olfactory Nerve - 3D model == | |||
<div class="thumbinner" style="width:650px;"><sketchfabplaylist>9a9b1040eea84c789d9ecfd1d9d6c4e2+82d87cb89d6c48f0984a59c4f2a4cf9a+07e1a7bf53914e64afc20d996cf471cf</sketchfabplaylist></div> | |||
== Origin == | == Origin == | ||
* Originates in the olfactory epithelium in the upper part of the nasal cavity. | * Originates in the olfactory epithelium in the upper part of the nasal cavity. | ||
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== Segments of the Olfactory Nerve == | == Segments of the Olfactory Nerve == | ||
<table> | |||
<table class="wikitable"><tr> | |||
<th>Segment Name</th> | <th>Segment Name</th> | ||
<th>Path</th> | <th>Path</th> | ||
| Line 19: | Line 23: | ||
<th>Length (Approx.)</th> | <th>Length (Approx.)</th> | ||
<th>Blood Supply</th> | <th>Blood Supply</th> | ||
</tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td>Olfactory Receptor Neurons</td> | <td>Olfactory Receptor Neurons</td> | ||
<td>Located in the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity.</td> | <td>Located in the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity.</td> | ||
| Line 41: | Line 42: | ||
<td>Lies within the anterior cranial fossa, no specific cistern involved.</td> | <td>Lies within the anterior cranial fossa, no specific cistern involved.</td> | ||
<td>Approximately 1-1.5 cm in length.</td> | <td>Approximately 1-1.5 cm in length.</td> | ||
<td>Anterior cerebral artery (ACA), specifically the fronto-orbital branch. | <td> | ||
* Anterior cerebral artery (ACA), specifically the fronto-orbital branch. | |||
* Anterior ethmoidal artery also contributes.</td> | |||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
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<td>About 2-3 cm in length.</td> | <td>About 2-3 cm in length.</td> | ||
<td>Primarily supplied by the anterior cerebral artery, particularly its orbital frontal branches.</td> | <td>Primarily supplied by the anterior cerebral artery, particularly its orbital frontal branches.</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr></table> | ||
</table> | |||
== Olfactory Bulb == | == Olfactory Bulb == | ||
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== Clinical Significance == | == Clinical Significance == | ||
* Anosmia, loss of smell, can occur with damage to the olfactory nerves. | * Anosmia, loss of smell, can occur with damage to the olfactory nerves. | ||
* Important in assessing frontal lobe lesions and skull base fractures. | * Important in assessing frontal lobe lesions and [[Skull Base|skull base]] fractures. | ||
[[Category:Neuroanatomy]] | [[Category:Neuroanatomy]] | ||
[[Category:Cranial nerves]] | [[Category:Cranial nerves]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:07, 28 January 2024
Structure
- The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique among cranial nerves.
- It's composed of sensory nerves for smell.
Olfactory Nerve - 3D model
Origin
- Originates in the olfactory epithelium in the upper part of the nasal cavity.
Pathway
- Axons pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
- They end in the olfactory bulb on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe.
Segments of the Olfactory Nerve
| Segment Name | Path | Involved Cisterns | Length (Approx.) | Blood Supply |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olfactory Receptor Neurons | Located in the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity. | Not applicable, as this segment is extracranial. | Variable, depends on nasal cavity size. | Branches of the anterior ethmoidal artery, a branch of the ophthalmic artery. |
| Olfactory Filaments | Pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. | Not directly associated with any specific cistern but traverse from nasal cavity to cranial cavity. | Around 2 cm (varies). | Supplied by small branches from the anterior ethmoidal artery. |
| Olfactory Bulb | Situated on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, immediately above the cribriform plate. | Lies within the anterior cranial fossa, no specific cistern involved. | Approximately 1-1.5 cm in length. |
|
| Olfactory Tract | Extends posteriorly from the olfactory bulb. | Located in the subarachnoid space, no specific cistern involved. | About 2-3 cm in length. | Primarily supplied by the anterior cerebral artery, particularly its orbital frontal branches. |
Olfactory Bulb
- The olfactory bulb is part of the brain where the olfactory nerves begin.
- It processes odor information and sends it to the brain.
Intracranial Course
- From the olfactory bulb, the olfactory tract extends posteriorly.
- The tract divides into medial and lateral striae.
Central Connections
- The medial striae connect to the contralateral olfactory area.
- The lateral striae project to the ipsilateral primary olfactory cortex.
Clinical Significance
- Anosmia, loss of smell, can occur with damage to the olfactory nerves.
- Important in assessing frontal lobe lesions and skull base fractures.