Intracranial pressure (ICP): Difference between revisions
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* Once craniospinal buffering capacity exhausted (decompensation point), small ↑ in intracranial vol. → substantial ↑ ICP | * Once craniospinal buffering capacity exhausted (decompensation point), small ↑ in intracranial vol. → substantial ↑ ICP | ||
[[File:Pressure-Volume curve.png|thumb|none|305x305px]] | [[File:Pressure-Volume curve.png|thumb|none|305x305px]] | ||
= Davson equation = | = Davson equation = | ||
<blockquote>'''ICP = If * Rout - PSS'''</blockquote> | <blockquote>'''ICP = If * Rout - PSS'''</blockquote> | ||
*resistance to cerebrospinal fluid outflow (Rout) | *resistance to [[cerebrospinal fluid]] outflow (Rout) | ||
*formation of cerebrospinal fluid (If) | *formation of cerebrospinal fluid (If) | ||
*sagittal sinus pressure (PSS) | *sagittal sinus pressure (PSS) | ||
[[Category:Neurophysiology]] | [[Category:Neurophysiology]] | ||
[[Category:Neurotrauma]] | [[Category:Neurotrauma]] | ||
Revision as of 00:24, 9 August 2024
- Normal ICP: <10-15 mmHg, varies w/ age, position, straining, & coughing
ICP & intracranial volume
- Brain parenchyma: 1400 ml (80% total, 10% solid, 70% tissue water)
- CBV: 150 ml (10% total)
- CSF: 150 ml (10% total) (tot. ~1700 ml)
Monro-Kellie doctrine
- ↑ in vol. of one intracranial compartment → ↑ ICP unless offset by ↓ vol. in another compartment
- Brain parenchyma predominantly incompressible fluid, CBV & CSF key in buffering additional intracranial volume by ↑ venous outflow/↓ CBF, displacing/↓ intracranial CSF
- Infants have extra volume compensation w/ open fontanelle
- Pathologic processes can easily ↑ ICP by exceeding compensatory capacity due to small size of CBV & CSF compartments
Pressure-Volume curve
- Additional intracranial volume initially accommodated w/ little/no Δ ICP (flat part of curve)
- Once craniospinal buffering capacity exhausted (decompensation point), small ↑ in intracranial vol. → substantial ↑ ICP
Davson equation
ICP = If * Rout - PSS
- resistance to cerebrospinal fluid outflow (Rout)
- formation of cerebrospinal fluid (If)
- sagittal sinus pressure (PSS)